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Gene expression profiling of SARS-CoV-2 infections reveal distinct primary lung cell and systemic immune infection responses that identify pathways relevant in COVID-19 disease

Abstract

To identify key gene expression pathways altered with infection of the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, we performed the largest comparative genomic and transcriptomic analysis to date. We compared the novel pandemic coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 with SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, as well as influenza A strains H1N1, H3N2 and H5N1. Phylogenetic analysis confirms that SARS-CoV-2 is closely related to SARS-CoV at the level of the viral genome. RNAseq analyses demonstrate that human lung epithelial cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection are distinct. Extensive Gene Expression Omnibus literature screening and drug predictive analyses show that SARS-CoV-2 infection response pathways are closely related to those of SARS-CoV and respiratory syncytial virus infections. We validated SARS-CoV-2 infection response genes as disease-associated using Kaplan-Meier survival estimates in lung disease patient data. We also analysed COVID-19 patient peripheral blood samples, which identified signalling pathway concordance between the primary lung cell and blood cell infection responses.

Type Journal
ISBN 1477-4054 (Electronic) 1467-5463 (Linking)
Authors Moni, M. A.; Quinn, J. M. W.; Sinmaz, N.; Summers, M. A.
Publisher Name BRIEFINGS IN BIOINFORMATICS
Published Date 2021-03-31
Published Volume 22
Published Issue 2
Published Pages 1324-1337
Status Published in-print
DOI 10.1093/bib/bbaa376
URL link to publisher's version https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33333559