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G protein-coupled receptor (GPR)40-dependent potentiation of insulin secretion in mouse islets is mediated by protein kinase D1

Abstract

AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: Activation of the G protein-coupled receptor (GPR)40 by long-chain fatty acids potentiates glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) from pancreatic beta cells, and GPR40 agonists are in clinical development for type 2 diabetes therapy. GPR40 couples to the G protein subunit Galpha(q/11) but the signalling cascade activated downstream is unknown. This study aimed to determine the mechanisms of GPR40-dependent potentiation of GSIS by fatty acids. METHODS: Insulin secretion in response to glucose, oleate or diacylglycerol (DAG) was assessed in dynamic perifusions and static incubations in islets from wild-type (WT) and Gpr40 (-/-) mice. Depolymerisation of filamentous actin (F-actin) was visualised by phalloidin staining and epifluorescence. Pharmacological and molecular approaches were used to ascertain the roles of protein kinase D (PKD) and protein kinase C delta in GPR40-mediated potentiation of GSIS. RESULTS: Oleate potentiates the second phase of GSIS, and this effect is largely dependent upon GPR40. Accordingly, oleate induces rapid F-actin remodelling in WT but not in Gpr40 (-/-) islets. Exogenous DAG potentiates GSIS in both WT and Gpr40 (-/-) islets. Oleate induces PKD phosphorylation at residues Ser-744/748 and Ser-916 in WT but not Gpr40 (-/-) islets. Importantly, oleate-induced F-actin depolymerisation and potentiation of GSIS are lost upon pharmacological inhibition of PKD1 or deletion of Prkd1. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: We conclude that the signalling cascade downstream of GPR40 activation by fatty acids involves activation of PKD1, F-actin depolymerisation and potentiation of second-phase insulin secretion. These results provide important information on the mechanisms of action of GPR40, a novel drug target for type 2 diabetes.

Type Journal
ISBN 1432-0428 (Electronic) 0012-186X (Linking)
Authors Ferdaoussi, M.; Bergeron, V.; Zarrouki, B.; Kolic, J.; Cantley, J.; Fielitz, J.; Olson, E. N.; Prentki, M.; Biden, T.; MacDonald, P. E.; Poitout, V.;
Publisher Name DIABETOLOGIA
Published Date 2012-01-01
Published Volume 55
Published Issue 10
Published Pages 2682-92
Status Published in-print
URL link to publisher's version http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22820510
OpenAccess link to author's accepted manuscript version https://publications.gimr.garvan.org.au/open-access/11624