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Histone deacetylases and histone deacetylase inhibitors in neuroblastoma

Abstract

Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are enzymes that play a key role in regulating gene expression by remodeling chromatin structure. An imbalance of histone acetylation caused by deregulated HDAC expression and activity is known to promote tumor progression in a number of tumor types, including neuroblastoma, the most common solid tumor in children. Consequently, the inhibition of HDACs has emerged as a potential strategy to reverse these aberrant epigenetic changes, and several classes of HDAC inhibitors (HDACi) have been shown to inhibit tumor proliferation, or induce differentiation, apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in neuroblastoma. Further, the combined use of HDACi with other chemotherapy agents, or radiotherapy, has shown promising pre-clinical results and various HDACi have progressed to different stages in clinical trials. Despite this, the effects of HDACi are multifaceted and more work needs to be done to unravel their specific mechanisms of actions. In this review, we discuss the functional role of HDACs in neuroblastoma and the potential of HDACi to be optimized for development and use in the clinic for treatment of patients with neuroblastoma.

Type Journal
ISBN 2296-634X (Print) 2296-634X (Linking)
Authors Phimmachanh, M.; Han, J. Z. R.; O'Donnell, Y. E. I.; Latham, S. L.; Croucher, D. R.
Responsible Garvan Author Associate Professor David Croucher
Publisher Name Front Cell Dev Biol
Published Date 2020-10-07
Published Volume 8
Published Pages 578770
Status Always Electronic
DOI 10.3389/fcell.2020.578770
URL link to publisher's version https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33117806